Loop analysis of analog and mixed-signal discontinuous systems, such as PLLs, delta-sigma converters, switched-capacitor filters, PWM amplifiers, and switch-mode power supplies, presents a unique ...
Nonlinear optics is the study of how intense light interacts with matter. The optical response of a material usually scales linearly with the amplitude of the electric field. At high powers, however, ...
As a service to our readers, we're providing the LTspice files used in Dr. Dyer's article on simulation of the 12AX7 and the K2-W vacuum-tube op amp. 1. The model for the K2-W is established as a ...