COOH) represents the protonated form of the organic acid, whereas lactate (CH₃CH (OH)COO⁻) represents its conjugated base.

This lab includes the complete titration procedure used to investigate how well a buffer resists changes in pH. Prepare a buffer solution by accurately calculating and measuring the required amounts ...

This lab includes a theoretical explanation of how buffers work and how they are made, including a derivation of the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation. Students will use what they have learned to ...

Dietary acid reduction by consuming produce or using sodium bicarbonate improves acid-base status and helps protect the kidneys in patients with early-stage CKD. Reducing dietary acid load helps ...