In biopharmaceutical manufacturing the interactions between cells, nutrients, and reagents in culture determine product quality. The big challenge for process developers is modeling these complex ...

Semiconductor process engineers would love to develop successful process recipes without the guesswork of repeated wafer testing. Unfortunately, developing a successful process can’t be done without ...

Computer modeling techniques that accelerated the production of COVID-19 vaccines could benefit the wider vaccine sector if international regulators can develop harmonized guidelines. Bringing a ...

Analytical simulation and modeling of unit manufacturing processes based on knowledge of the underlying process physics and validated by experimental results is becoming a powerful tool to advance the ...

Semiconductor logic and memory technology development continues to push the limits of process complexity and cost, especially as the industry migrates to the 5 nm node and beyond. Optimization of the ...

Whether you’ve planned for it or not, your business is heading for digital transformation. As a way to remain competitive and respond to changes in consumer demand, companies need to explore how their ...

The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine are private, nonprofit institutions that provide expert advice on some of the most pressing challenges facing the nation and world. Our ...