A new suggestion that complexity increases over time, not just in living organisms but in the nonliving world, promises to rewrite notions of time and evolution. In 1950 the Italian physicist Enrico ...

Time’s passage is non-negotiable. Its flow marks the progress of our lives, moving clearly in one direction. It is, by nature, asymmetrical. In this way, we perceive it to move like an arrow, ...

The most widely used technique for finding the largest or smallest values of a math function turns out to be a fundamentally difficult computational problem. Many aspects of modern applied research ...