Despite the need for an IC, this ubiquitous interface between the modulator and audio-video signals has not been reduced to an integrated circuit. The major reasons for that deficiency are the ...

Fig 1. Density addition and subtraction can easily separate these audio channels before digitalization. Fig 2. Density multiplication can easily be used to multiply these two inputs in several ...

Modulation is fundamental to electronic communications. The modulating signal might be analog in nature (voice or music) or digital bit streams. Most modern communication systems are digital, using ...