Required rate of return (RRR) gives investors a benchmark to determine the minimum acceptable return on an investment considering the risk involved. By calculating RRR, investors can assess whether an ...

Learn to calculate the Sharpe Ratio in Excel for insightful investment analysis. Our guide will help you assess risk versus ...

Q. I have prepared projections for a proposed project, and I want to calculate the internal rate of return. Instead of using Excel’s IRR function, should I use simple math formulas so others can ...

The pricing of an income annuity is typically described using either the monthly income amount it generates, or as the annual payout rate of the income received as a percentage of the premium amount.

Real rate of return adjusts for inflation, providing a true growth measure. S&P 500's real rate is 7.9%, versus a nominal 11.8%, due to inflation. Using real rates in retirement planning ensures ...

The CAGR, or the compound annual growth rate, simply reflects the annualized return of a metric on a compounded basis, over a given period of time. The Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR), is the ...

ROI is an important measure of an investment's performance but it has some drawbacks. Reviewed by Margaret James Fact checked by Jared Ecker Return on investment (ROI) is a ratio that measures the ...