Phase shifters have uses in both optics and radio communications. Wide bandwidths are required for applications such as radio astronomy (see the article on the CSIRO work in this week's RF Report), ...

SpaceX is developing lighter and cheaper phased array antennas to receive internet from low-earth orbit satellites. Low-Earth Orbit satellites will be will need to have fast tracking from receivers as ...

The need for significant improvements in radar continues to be an ongoing concern for the Department of Defense (DoD). One of the most impressive developments addressing this need is a high-resolution ...

The term ζ is the coupling factor and is equal to the magnitude of the maximum coupling between the lines. The maximum coupling is written as maximum coupling = ζdB = 20Log(ζ) for BL = π/2. With ...

Phase shifters and transmission line technologies are integral components in modern RF and microwave engineering, enabling precise control of signal phase for applications ranging from beamforming in ...

Optical frequency combs, generated by means of self-referenced and stabilized mode-locked lasers, have enabled revolutionary progress in precision optical frequency synthesis and metrology 1,2,3,4.

Phase coherence, that is a stable phase relationship between signals, is essential when making measurements that require more than one RF output. While this was once primarily required when evaluating ...