Quantum mechanics replaced the clockwork certainty of classical physics with something far stranger: a framework in which particles do not follow single, predictable paths but instead exist as clouds ...

All sorts of physical processes in this analog world exhibit some degree of randomness. Think of noise, for example. Many noisy processes are described by Gaussian probability distributions. We should ...

Description: This course will explore fundamental concepts of statistical methods and their application in biological research. The following topics will be included: experimental and sampling designs ...

What Is A Probability Density Function? A probability density function, also known as a bell curve, is a fundamental statistics concept, that describes the likelihood of a continuous random variable ...