Classes and objects in Java must be initialized before they are used. You’ve previously learned that class fields are initialized to default values when classes are loaded, and that objects are ...

You might know that Java passes by value, but it helps to understand why. Here's what happens when you pass mutable and immutable object references in Java. Many programming languages allow passing ...

Sometimes you want child objects retrieved with the parent object, and sometimes you don't. What you NEVER want is to retrieve child objects accidentally. Here's Peter's advice on how to get the best ...