The space between the arachnoid and pia meningeal layers encasing the brain is a landscape of connective tissue, blood vessels, and cerebrospinal fluid. Scientists debate how that fluid moves within ...

Hydrocephalus is an excess of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the brain’s ventricles. Surgery is the first-line and most effective treatment. The two primary surgeries are the Ventriculoperitoneal (VP) ...

A popular hypothesis for how the brain clears molecular waste, which may help explain why sleep feels refreshing, is a subject of debate. Encased in the skull, perched atop the spine, the brain has a ...