We study a synthetic system of motile Escherichia coli bacteria encapsulated inside giant lipid vesicles. Forces exerted by the bacteria on the inner side of the membrane are sufficient to extrude ...

The spleen is a key secondary lymphoid organ that plays an essential role in filtering bloodborne pathogens and orchestrating immune responses. Asplenia, whether surgical or functional, and ...

Researchers have developed and validated a heat transfer model that accurately predicts the survival of encapsulated bacteria in self-healing concrete exposed to high temperatures during fires.