In constrained optimization problems the rates of change of the objective function with respect to the independent (nonbasic) variables have been interpreted as shadow prices, dual variables, and ...

This result is obtained by first showing that the same result holds for inequality constrained nonlinear least-squares. As a consequence, the presence of (possibly nonconvex) equality/inequality ...

HOLO's nonlinear quantum optimization algorithm technology not only achieves a breakthrough in computational performance but also significantly improves resource utilization efficiency.

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