Nanoparticles introduced into the bloodstream encounter the immune complement system, a proteolytic cascade that bridges innate surveillance and adaptive responses. Complement activation can occur via ...

IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is characterized by glomerular deposits of IgA-containing immune complexes (IgA-ICs), which are suspected to originate from circulation. However, the composition of these ICs is ...

Our immune system is armed with an array of defenses designed to detect and eliminate harmful threats. One of its most powerful defense mechanisms is the complement system-a group of proteins that ...