Figure 1. A closed-circuit cooler. Photos courtesy of Evapco. It’s a common question during the early design phase of large mechanical systems: Is open- or closed-loop cooling equipment better suited ...

In Part 1, we reviewed the low frequency behavior of the HCNR200 circuit, and obtained the stability conditions by analyzing its open-loop transfer function. In this session, we still study the system ...

The design of a closed-loop switch-mode power supply creates a path between the variable a designer wants to monitor and the control pin of the designer's converter. This control pin can be the peak ...