Contemporary assessment methods in the United States and other parts of the world reflect the progressive development of the education sectors’ legal and organizational environments. The systems have ...

This chapter discusses the relationships between formative and summative assessments—both in the classroom and externally. In addition to teachers, site-and district-level administrators and decision ...

After five straight years of gradual improvement, standardized test scores declined significantly last year for many California students, most of whom spent 2020-21 in distance learning. Gaps in ...

For students outside cities, participation in distance learning can be a lonely struggle. Tobi Oshinnaike via Unsplash Across Africa, distance education has become one of the most powerful forces for ...